This is a great case of active toxoplasmosis.
The OCT B-scans show full-thickness retinitis with a volcanic-like eruption of the inflammatory process extending into the attached vitreous.
Learning Points:
Toxoplasmosis, the most common cause of infectious chorioretinitis in humans, is caused by the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii.
It is most commonly transmitted through infected felines or by eating raw meat. The majority of infections are acquired, although they can also be transmitted congenitally.
The body’s immune system is unable to completely kill the organism, which often lies dormant within a chorioretinal scar for years. When the immune balance favors the encysted organism, active chorioretinitis develops. This usually resolves spontaneously within 6 weeks.
If the optic nerve or macula is threatened, a six-week course of Bactrim DS is recommended (see Ophthalmology 2004;112:1876-1882).
Oral prednisone can be added as well to help with severe inflammation.
