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This 59YO female was referred for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). She noted floaters in her right eye for several months. There was a 20-year history of type 2 diabetes, which was currently insulin-dependent. Vision was 20/25 bilaterally. Color photography dated 4/6/23 shows florid bilateral disc neovascularization (NVD) secondary to previously undiagnosed PDR. Bilateral Avastin injections… Read More

This 55YO male presented with this acute superior macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Vision was 20/30. Optos color RGB imaging shows a large patch of equatorial lattice degeneration extending from 11 to 2 o’clock. Nasally, the lattice lesion has torn along its lateral and posterior edges, causing the detachment. Several intact bridging retinal vessels are… Read More

This healthy 52YO male noticed acute vision loss in his right eye two days earlier. He denied Valsalva or trauma. Vision was counting fingers in his right eye and 20/20 in his normal left eye. He has a history of untreated hypertension, and his BP in the office was 180/110. Color imaging shows multifocal, mostly… Read More

This 43YO female has a constellation of findings that are pathognomonic for Waardenburg syndrome type 1. Vision was 20/20 OU. External examination shows telecanthus with iris heterochromia. When questioned, she mentioned synophrys (fusion of the eyebrows), which she removed with a laser, poliosis, which she dyed, and a family history of poliosis and heterochromia. She… Read More

This healthy 8YO was seen for a routine eye examination. Vision was 20/50 OU. Fundus imaging shows extensive bilateral bear track lesions, which are hypoautofluorescent. Learning Points: Group-type congenital pigmented nevi of the RPE (bear tracks) is a relatively rare congenital condition characterized by well-demarcated, hyperpigmented, flat, variably sized RPE lesions that resemble bear footprints…. Read More

This 35YO female has a history of decreased vision in her left eye since childhood. Vision was 20/20 in her right eye and stable at 20/200 in her left eye. Anterior segments were normal except for a posterior polar cataract OS. Color imaging of the left posterior pole shows a fairly round, one-disc-diameter depigmented lesion… Read More

This healthy 35YO male was referred for asymptomatic fundoscopic changes. Vision was 20/20 OU. Opto imaging shows large multifocal patches of myelinated nerve fiber layer (NFL) in both eyes. Temporal white without pressure (WWP) is also noted in his left eye. Learning Points: Myelinated NFL is a relatively uncommon, unilateral or bilateral, usually isolated finding… Read More

This 77YO male presented with unilateral left superior field loss in his left eye one day earlier. Vision was 18/20 bilaterally. Color imaging shows retinal emboli along the proximal superotemporal arcade and overlying the inferonasal nerve heads. Some scattered retinal hemorrhages are also seen. The right fundus was normal. Visual field testing was normal. He… Read More

This healthy 12YO girl was found to have this asymptomatic retinal finding in her left eye during a routine examination. The right eye was completely normal. Color imaging shows a torpedo-shaped area of depigmentation just inferotemporal to the left fovea. OCT scanning through this lesion shows an area of hyporeflectivity between the ellipsoid zone and… Read More

This 30YO female presented with a 6-month history of vision loss in her right eye. Despite being born with bilateral iris and choroidal colobomas, her vision in each eye was excellent until recently. Vision was 20/200 OD and 20/40 OS. Optos RGB imaging shows bilateral inferior choroidal colobomas extending from just superior to the optic… Read More